Nowhere is South Korean international assistance more substantial, more important, and yet more controversial than that which has been offered and delivered to the fraternal enemy state of North Korea. Indeed, there are problems in even terming this “international assistance,” and it is never referred to as official development assistance or ODA, for both political entities on the Korean Peninsula consider themselves as the sole legitimate state responsible for the governance of all Koreans living there, regardless on which side of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) they live. Yet both states have been admitted to the United Nations (UN) and have been recognized by the international community as possessing both de facto and de jure sovereignty. Regardless of how the politicians on both sides may protest the nuances, aid passing from one to the other constitutes, at the very least, international assistance, even if it is not classified as ODA.